Bosnia and Herzegovina - Countries of Europe - Bosnia and Herzegovina

Short Name: Bosnia and Herzegovina

Formal Name: Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina or Republic of Bosnia and Herzegovina

European Union Membership: NO

N.A.T.O. Membership: Yes, since 2010.

Form of Government: Federative Republic

Surface: 51.197 km^2. Bosnia and Herzegovina is the 128^th largest country in the world.

Population: aprox. 3,843,000

Density: 75 persons / square km

GDP Nominal: aprox. 12.90 billion Euros. GDP Nominal per capita: aprox. 3.317 Euros

Official Language: Bosnian, Serbian, Croatian

Other used languages:

Capital City: Sarajevo

National Holyday: 25 November

Independence date: 1 March 1992 from The Former Yugoslavia

Currency used: Bosnia and Herzegovina convertible mark (BAM) 1 BAM = 100 Fenings

Main Religions: Muslims (48%), Serb Orthodox (34%), Roman Catholics (13%)

Particular things: At the beginning of the XXth century, Bosnia – Herzegovina was disputed by the Austro-Hungarian Empire, The Ottoman Empire and the Serb state supported by the Russian Empire. In 1908 Bosnia Herzegovina was annexed by the Austro-Hungarian Empire. Political unrest between Serb nationalists and the Austro-Hungarian authorities reached a peak in 1914 when the heir to the Austro-Hungarian throne was assassinated in Sarajevo (Capital of Bosnia-Herzegovina). This was the sparkle that ultimately led to the beginning of the First World War.

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Belgium - Countries in Europe - Belgium

Short Name: Belgium

Formal Name: Kingdom of Belgium

European Union Membership: Yes, Belgium is a Founding Member of the European Union.

N.A.T.O. Membership: Yes, since 1948.

Form of Government: Constitutional Monarchy

Surface: 30.528km^2. Belgium is the 140^th largest country in the world.

Population: aprox. 11.007.020

Density: 354.7 persons / square km

GDP Nominal: aprox. 278.83 billion Euros. GDP Nominal per capita: aprox. 25 500 Euros

Official Language: Dutch, French, German

Other used languages: English

Capital City: Brussel / Bruxelles

National Holyday: 21 July

Independence date: 4 October 1830 from The Netherlands

Currency used: Euro (EUR)

Main Religions: Roman Catholicism

Particular things: From the independence in 1830 until 1970 was a unitary state. Between 1970 and 2001 a series of state reforms have been enforced which transformed Belgium into a federal state.

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Belarus - Countries in Europe - Belarus

Short Name: Belarus

Formal Name: Republic of Belarus

European Union Membership: NO.

N.A.T.O. Membership: NO

Form of Government: Republic

Surface: 207.595 km^2. Belarus is the 86^th largest country in the world.

Population: aprox. 9.503.000

Density: 45.8 persons / square km

GDP Nominal: aprox. 38,68 billion Euros. GDP Nominal per capita: aprox. 4.100 Euros

Official Language: Belarusian and Russian

Other used languages:

Capital City: Minsk

National Holyday: 3 July

Independence date: 27 July 1990 from the Soviet Union

Currency used: Belarusian Ruble (BYR)

Main Religions: Russian Orthodox Christianity

Particular things: During the World War II Belarus lost approximately 30% of the population.

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Azerbaijan - Countries of Europe - Azerbaijan

Short Name: Azerbaijan

Formal Name: Republic of Azerbaijan

European Union Membership: NO.

N.A.T.O. Membership: NO

Form of Government: Republic

Surface: 86.600 km^2. Azerbaijan is the 114^th largest country in the world.

Population: aprox. 8,372,000

Density: 105.8 persons / square km

GDP Nominal: aprox. 52,23 billion Euros. GDP Nominal per capita: aprox. 5.726 Euros

Official Language: Azerbaijani

Other used languages:

Capital City: Baku

National Holyday: 28 May

Independence date: 28 May 1918 from the Ottoman Empire and 30 August 1991 from the Soviet Union

Currency used: Manat (1Manat = 100 qəpik).

Main Religions: Muslim

Particular things: Azerbaijan became the first democratic and secular republic in the Muslim world in 1918. Unfortunately it lasted only for two years because in 1920 Azerbaijan was incorporated in the Soviet Union.

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Austria - Countries in Europe - Austria

Short Name: Austria

Formal Name: Republic of Austria

European Union Membership: Yes. Since 1995

N.A.T.O. Membership: NO

Form of Government: Republic

Surface: 83.871 km^2. Austria is the 115^th largest country in the world.

Population: aprox. 8.217.000

Density: 99 persons / square km

GDP Nominal: aprox. 293.05 billion Euros. GDP Nominal per capita: aprox. 34.985 Euros

Official Language: German

Other used languages:

Capital City: Wien

National Holyday: 26 October

Independence date:

Currency used: Euro.

Main Religions: Roman Catholic, Protestant

Particular things: After being occupied and annexed by Nazi Germany in 1938 and the liberation by the allied forces in 1945, Austria decided to be military neutral through the 1955 constitution.

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Armenia - Countries in Europe

Short Name: Armenia

Formal Name: Republic of Armenia

European Union Membership: NO

N.A.T.O. Membership: NO, but Armenia participates in the NATO's Partnership for Peace program

Form of Government: Republic

Surface: 29.743 km^{2 .} Armenia is the 142 largest country in the world.

Population: aprox. 3.260.000

Density: 108.4 persons / square km

GDP Nominal: aprox. 6.80 billion Euros. GDP Nominal per capita: aprox. 2060 Euros

Official Language: Armenian

Other used languages: Russian

Capital City: Yerevan

National Holyday: 26 May

Independence date: 28 May 1918 from the Ottoman Empire and 23 August 1990 from the Soviet Union

Currency used: Armenian dram (1 Dram = 100 luma).

Main Religions: Armenian Apostolic Christianity

Particular things: Armenia is the first country in the world to adopt Christianity as a state religion in the year 301 AD.

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Andorra - Countries in Europe - Andorra

Short Name: Andorra

Formal Name: Principality of Andorra

European Union Membership: Not officially. Andorra has a special agreement with the European Union

N.A.T.O. Membership: NO

Form of Government: Monarchy

Surface: 468 km² Andorra is the 181 largest country in the world and the 6^th smallest country in Europe

Population: aprox. 84.000

Density: 179.8 persons / square km

GDP Nominal: aprox. 2.09 billion Euros. GDP Nominal per capita: aprox. 24.775 Euros

Official Language: Catalan

Other used languages: Spanish, Portuguese, and French

Capital City: Andorra la Vella

National Holyday: 8 September

Independence date: year 1278

Currency used: Euro – Euro coins issued by Andorra have a high collection value.

Main Religions: Roman Catholic

Particular things: Andorra has a very particular monarchy in which the role of monarch is exercised jointly by four people: the two co-princes from Andorra, the President of the French Republic and the Bishop of Urgell, Catalonia.

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